Monday, August 10, 2009

Biotechnology Techniques

5 Facts You MUST Understand if You Are Ever Going to Lose Your Belly Fat and Get Six Pack Abs

1. Many so-called "health foods" are actually cleverly disguised junk foods that actually stimulate you to gain more belly fat... yet the diet food marketing industry continues to lie to you so they can maximize their profits.

2. Ab exercises like crunches, sit-ups, and ab machines are the LEAST effective method of getting flat six pack abs. We'll explore what types of exercises REALLY work in a minute.

3. Boring repetitive cardio exercise routines are NOT the best way to lose body fat and uncover those six pack abs. I'll show you the exact types of unique workouts that produce 10x better results below.

4. You DON'T need to waste your money on expensive "extreme fat burner" pills (that don't work) or other bogus supplements. A special class of natural foods is much more effective. I'll tell you about these natural foods and their powers below.

5. Ab belts, ab-rockers, ab-loungers, and other infomercial ab-gimmicks... they're all a complete waste of your time and money. Despite the misleading infomercials, the perfectly chiseled fitness models in the commercials did NOT get their perfect body by using that "ab contraption"... they got their perfect body through REAL workouts and REAL nutrition strategies. Again, you'll learn some of their secrets and what really works below.
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Posted by Hai I am Satish Kumar at 3:03 AM , Links to this post , 0 comments
Labels: Biotechnology, health
Friday, July 24, 2009
Biotechnology - What Are the Career Options After That?

Biotechnology is a bundle of techniques that are applied to living cells. The work of biotech engineer is to produce these living cells into a particular product of improved quality. This technology is the exploitation of natural resources at the microbial and molecular level for the benefit of mankind. It normally deals with the management of living organisms for improving the products, enhance plants and animals or generate microorganisms for making human life much better.

In today's world, biotechnology is related to the genetic information of living organisms that are called DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). This high technology supports the transformation of so-called codes of nature. Students, who have keen interest in Biotechnology and want to make their bright future in this field, have a lot of career opportunities in this field. Students can do specialization in any of the six main fields of biotechnology.

1) Biomedical Engineer: - A biomedical engineer is an expert to form artificial body parts that are called prostheses. Students, who have specialization in this field, can make their career as physical therapists, computer hardware engineer, mechanical engineer and surgeons too.
2) Clinical Laboratory Technologists: - Students can also do specialization for checking the symptoms of any disease as well as to detect body fluids and tissues. In this field, one can work as a pathologist, chemist, biological or a material scientist.
3) Forensic Scientists: - A forensic scientist or crime laboratory analyst provides significant scientific information that can be crucial for the criminal proceedings. The career options of this field are detectives, archaeologists and anthropologists.
4) Pharmacists: - The work of pharmacists is to distribute medicines as well as guiding patients for correct medication and appropriate dosage. In this field, there are unlimited career options that include advanced practice nurses, anesthesiologists, psychiatrists and pharmacy technicians.
5) Medical Scientists: - A medical scientist conducts intensive research on bacteria and different viruses that are the root cause of various diseases and they utilize their research for creating a variety of medicines and vaccines to treat these diseases.
6) Biological Scientists: - This field includes the study of animals, plants and microscopic organisms. Students can work in various fields such as food and agricultural scientists, pharmacists, veterinarians, biomedical engineers, conservation, general practitioners.

In short, Biotechnology is one of the most prominent branches of future. This is an interdisciplinary science that relies on biology and other subjects as mathematics, physics, chemistry and engineering. After completing this course, one can easily get a good job in this field.
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Posted by Hai I am Satish Kumar at 11:53 AM , Links to this post , 0 comments
Labels: Biotechnology
Thursday, July 23, 2009
The Benefits Of Agricultural Biotechnology

Agricultural biotechnology is any technique in which living organisms, or parts of organisms are altered to make or modify agricultural products, to improve crops, or develop microbes for specific uses in agricultural processes. Simply put, when the tools of biotechnology are applied to agriculture, it is termed as "agricultural biotechnology". Genetic engineering is also a part of agricultural biotechnology in today’s world. It is now possible to carry out genetic manipulation and transformation on almost all plant species, including all the world's major crops.

Plant transformation is one of the tools involved in agricultural biotechnology, in which genes are inserted into the genetic structure or genome of plants. The two most common methods of plant transformation are Agrobacterium Transformation - methods that use the naturally occurring bacterium; and Biolistic Transformation – involving the use of mechanical means. Using any of these methods the preferred gene is inserted into a plant genome and traditional breeding method followed to transfer the new trait into different varieties of crops.

Production of food crops has become much cheaper and convenient with the introduction of agricultural biotechnology. Specific herbicide tolerant crops have been engineered which makes weed control manageable and more efficient. Pest control has also become more reliable and effective, eliminating the need for synthetic pesticides as crops resistant to certain diseases and insect pests have also been engineered. Phytoremediation is the process in which plants detoxify pollutants in the soil, or absorb and accumulate polluting substances out of the soil. Several crops have now been genetically engineered for this purpose for safe harvest and disposal, and improvement of soil quality.

According to the USDA (United States Department of Agriculture)’s National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), in reference to a section specific to the major biotechnology derived field crops, out of the whole crop plantings in the United States in 2004, biotechnology plantings accounted for about 46 percent for corn, 76 percent for cotton, and 85 percent for soybeans.

Modern agricultural biotechnology has now become a very well-developed science. The use of synthetic pesticides that may be harmful to man, and pollute groundwater and the environment, has been significantly lessened with the introduction of genetically engineered insect-resistant cotton. Herbicide-tolerant soybeans and corn have also enabled the use of reduced-risk herbicides that break down more quickly in soil. These are nontoxic to plants or animals, and herbicide-tolerant crops help preserve topsoil from erosion since they thrive better in no-till or reduced tillage agriculture systems. Papayas resistant to the ringspot virus were also developed through genetic engineering, which saved the U.S. papaya industry.

Agricultural biotechnology may also be helpful in improving and enhancing the nutritious quality of certain crops. For example, enhancing the levels of beta-carotene in canola, soybean, and corn improves oil compositions, and reduces vitamin A deficiencies in rice. There are also researches going on in the field of biotechnology to produce crops that will not be affected by harsh climates or environments and that will require less water, fertilizer, labor etc. This would greatly reduce the demands and pressures on land and wildlife.
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Posted by Hai I am Satish Kumar at 12:00 PM , Links to this post , 0 comments
Labels: Biotechnology
Monday, July 20, 2009
PCR - A Patent That Revolutionized Biotechnology and Launched a TV Series

On a weekend trip in 1983, a Bay Area biotechnology scientist had a flash of inspiration. Kary Mullis, Ph.D., realized that a combination of readily available laboratory reagents and materials would promote the exponential replication of DNA in a test tube. He realized that over a billion copies of a DNA fragment could be made in an afternoon! Upon returning to Cetus Corporation, he started laboratory work that would lead to a revolutionary patent.

In 1987, US Patent 4,683,202 "process for amplifying nucleic acid sequences" issued. The Polymerase Chain Reaction or PCR method would soon be used world wide to perform biotechnology experiments, clone genes, identify pathogens, and convict criminals. It also did not take long for it to make the leap to Hollywood: PCR was highlighted in the movie Jurassic Park and is used weekly in the CSI television series.

A patent is a monopoly granted by the US government on inventions. Hoffman-La Roche, a Swiss pharmaceutical giant recognized the commercial potential for PCR and purchased the family of PCR patents for $300 million in 1990. The original Mullis patent expired a few years ago, but a "picket fence" of other patents still protects various aspects of the method. Hoffman-La Roche licensed the technology broadly and has developed many of its own products based upon the method. The return on investment of their $300 million has been huge!

A patent can be issued on "any new and useful process, machine, manufacture, or composition of matter, or any new and useful improvement method". Dr. Mullis and the Cetus Corporation had to prove to the patent office that their invention was useful, novel and non-obvious http://www.uspto.gov/main/patents.htm They had ample evidence that the invention was useful since it was rapidly adopted by biotechnologists after publication of the method in 1985. Examination of the scientific literature demonstrated that it was novel because no prior use of PCR could be found. They also successfully demonstrated that it was non-obvious to one skilled in the art since all the chemicals and methods were commonly used in biotechnology laboratories prior to 1983, but no one had the flash of inspiration to combine them in a fashion to exponentially amplify genetic material. Kary Mullis truly changed the world of biotechnology and has received numerous scientific awards including the Noble Prize in Chemistry in 1993

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